Earthing is a process or technology that sends a direct electrical discharge to the earth via electrical cables and low-resistance wires. To put it another way, earthing is the act of directly sharing electrical charge with the ground. Earthing protects devices and the power system against failure and electrical damage. When the electric system overloads, the main goal of earthing is to lessen the load.

Pipe Type Earthing:

A pipe type earthing system consists of vertically buried galvanized steel or iron pipes. The size of the pipe earthing is determined by the current’s magnitude and soil types such as moist soil, sandy soil, and rocky soil. It aids in the electrical system’s fault current dissipation. Pipe earthing has a diameter of about 1.5 inches and a length of around feet. The diameter of rocky and dry soil should be larger than typical soil. The soil moisture determines the length of the pipe that will be installed on the ground.

Benefits of Pipe Type Earthing

The following are the main benefits of electrical pipe type earthing:

·        Ensures that electrical equipment and devices are protected from high electric current.

·        Aids in the direct flow of electric current within the earth.

·        Protects the electric equipment from being damaged.

·        It prevents the building from collapsing due to lightning.

·        It protects objects from fires that arise as a result of an electric short circuit.

·        Earthing aids in the protection of overvoltage and voltage stabilization.

·        Electric current causes injury and death, which can be avoided through earthing.

·        It aids in the prevention of fire hazards in electrical installation systems.

It protects electrical appliances and electronics from dangerously high levels of electric current. Even if the insulation fails, the earthing provides a path to default current. The appliances are protected from high voltage surges and lightning discharge by the earthing. Earthing keeps the voltage in the healthy phase constant. It ensures the safety of any fires that may arise as a result of the existing leak.

Earthing comes in a variation of forms-

Maintenance-free earthing: This sort of earthing configuration, also known as “Effective Earthing” or “Maintenance-free earthing,” requires no maintenance. Traditional earthing difficulties are eliminated by using an effective earthing electrode:

1. By surrounding the electrode with a consistent non-corrosive, low-soil-resistance substance.

2. By providing Earthing electrodes that are very corrosion-resistant.

3. By removing the salt’s corrosion-causing components.

Earthing is utilized in a variety of businesses and sectors, including the steel industry.

·        Home Solar System Earthing

·        Highways are illuminated by a series of lights.

·        Datacenters for Oil Refineries

·        Plants that generate electricity

·        Cement plants Railways

·        Transformers

·        Dg Sets,

Earthing’s Importance

The major goal of grounding is to prevent accidents caused by electric shock and fire caused by current leakage through an unintended channel, as well as to ensure that the current carrying conductor’s potential does not exceed the designed insulation with regard to earth. In some circumstances, the metallic portions of electrical equipment come into contact with the live wire, which could be caused by a failure of the electrical installation or a failure of the cable insulation. When a person comes into contact with such charged metallic pieces, charges build up in them, resulting in a severe electric shock or even death. These charges can be delivered straight to the earth via earthing. The following illustrates the need.

Human and animal life is protected, and electrical appliances and installations are protected from leakage currents.

·        In the event of a fault in one phase, the voltage in the other must remain constant.

·        Lightning protection for the electrical system and structures

·        Provides an electrical traction and communication return channel.

·        In order to avoid the risk of a fire in an installation, take the following precautions.

Earthing Procedures

The earth pin in 3 pin plus sockets and 4 pin power sockets must be efficiently and permanently earthed, according to IEE regulations and IE guidelines. Earthing is required for all metal casings and metal coverings that contain or cover electrical supply cable or equipment. Generators, transformers, stationary motors, and other metallic frames must be earthed utilizing two independent earthing or distinct connections with the earth. The middle wire in a three-wire dc system must be earthed at the producing station. At least one strand of stay wires for overhead electric lines must be connected to the earth wires.

Which pipe is best for earthing?

Copper pipe is commonly used as earthing pipe. The depth at which the pipe must be buried depends upon the moisture of the ground.

Which earthing method is the most effective, and why?

Because it can ground more leakage current and has a lower chance of braking in the earth wire, pipe    earthing is preferable to other types of earthing.

Pipe Earthing: This approach involves placing a galvanised steel and perforated pipe of the appropriate length and diameter upright in a continually damp soil.